Budaya Sekolah dalam Mendukung Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris di Sekolah Menengah Pertama: Studi Etnografi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v10i4.11853Keywords:
Budaya, Pembelajaran, Bahasa Inggris, EtnografiAbstract
Pembelajaran bahasa Inggris memerlukan dukungan budaya sekolah yang kondusif agar tujuan pembelajaran dapat tercapai secara optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan, menganalisis, dan menginterpretasikan budaya sekolah yang mendukung pembelajaran bahasa Inggris pada tingkat Sekolah Menengah Pertama. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada pemetaan budaya pembelajaran bahasa Inggris melalui pendekatan etnografi yang mengungkap keterkaitan antara budaya akademik, budaya sosial, dan budaya demokratis dalam membentuk lingkungan belajar bahasa Inggris yang efektif, suatu aspek yang masih jarang dikaji secara komprehensif dalam penelitian sebelumnya. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode etnografi. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model analisis Spradley yang meliputi analisis domain, taksonomi, komponensial, dan tema budaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budaya pembelajaran bahasa Inggris terbentuk melalui tiga tema budaya utama, yaitu budaya akademik, budaya sosial, dan budaya demokratis. Budaya akademik tercermin dalam semangat berkompetisi, kreativitas dan inovasi, kerja keras, disiplin waktu, serta penggunaan bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa komunikasi. Budaya sosial diwujudkan melalui kerja sama dan saling mendukung dalam belajar, sedangkan budaya demokratis tercermin dalam sikap saling menghargai dan komunikasi yang positif antarsiswa. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa integrasi ketiga tema budaya tersebut berkontribusi terhadap terciptanya lingkungan belajar yang aktif, kolaboratif, dan kondusif sehingga mendukung peningkatan partisipasi serta kemampuan berbahasa Inggris siswa.
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